The Committee turned up more evidence that seemed to support Chambers' allegations and Chambers provided more information to support his claims. Chambers produced film of photographs of classified documents from the State Department that he claimed had been retyped by Hiss' wife. Furthermore, Chambers directed authorities to his farm property where he had hidden more undeveloped film in a hollowed-out pumpkin. Hiss was subsequently indicted for perjury for claiming not to have known Chambers after July 1935. The trial began on May 31, 1949 and the prosecution entered into evidence the Hiss' typewriter that seemed to match directly with the type in the retyped documents. After the trial resulted in a hung jury, Hiss was retried in November 1949 and was convicted in January 1950 and sentenced to five years in prison (Hiss was never charged with espionage). For the rest of his life, Hiss attempted to overturn his conviction but met with little success.

Chambers faded from the public eye and died in July 1961. In 1984, President Ronald Reagan awarded Chambers the Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honor in the United States.